FUNCTIONAL HEARTBURN AND REFLUX HYPERSENSITIVITY SYNDROME (ACCORDING TO THE ROME-IV FUNCTIONAL ESOPHAGEAL DISEASE DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA)

Functional heartburn and reflux hypersensitivity syndrome (according to the Rome-IV functional esophageal disease diagnostic criteria)

Aim of review.To analyze the update to in the Rome-IV criteria for the functional Extracts heartburn and reflux hypersensitivity syndrome in comparison to the Rome-III criteria.Summary.The definition of functional heartburn in the Rome-IV criteria is updated by the statement according to which absence of response to the proton pump inhibitor therap

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Optogenetic mimicry of the transient activation of dopamine neurons by natural reward is sufficient for operant reinforcement.

Activation of dopamine receptors in forebrain regions, for minutes or longer, COCONUT NECTAR is known to be sufficient for positive reinforcement of stimuli and actions.However, the firing rate of dopamine neurons is increased for only about 200 milliseconds following natural reward events that are better than expected, a response which has been de

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En coup de sabre morphea: An uncommon condition in Africa

The term en coup de sabre morphea refers to a lesion of linear morphea typically located in the frontoparietal scalp and/or the paramedian forehead, often resembling a strike with a sword.In literature, en coup de sabre morphea and en coup de sabre Health Aids scleroderma are terms used interchangeably and synonymously.Due to the rarity of this con

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